• Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with insulin resist

  2020-12-25

  

  Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with insulin resistance. Numerous studies in humans and animals have shown that insulin-resistant states are often accompanied by hepatic steatosis (Angulo and Lindor, 2001, Marchesini et al., 1999, Marchesini et al., 2005, Petersen and Shulman, 2006, Seppala

• The two isoforms LDH A and LDH B catalyze

  2020-12-25

  

  The two isoforms LDH-A and LDH-B catalyze the same reaction, conversion of pyruvate to lactate at the end of glycolysis. LDH-A is expressed in the liver. Humans with a hereditary deficiency of the A or B LDH isoforms are free of symptoms, except for muscle rigidity and myoglobinuria following strenu

• Interferon IFN induces formation of a heterotetrameric IFN g

  2020-12-25

  

  Interferon (IFN)-γ induces formation of a heterotetrameric, IFN-gamma-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) complex in human monocytic BLU9931 (Mazumder et al., 2003a, Sampath et al., 2004). The complex binds a bipartite stem-loop element in the 3′UTR of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF

• The IP R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca release

  2020-12-25

  

  The IP3R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel from the ER, activated by IP3, produced upon cellular stimulation by hormones, growth factors or neurotransmitters. Three genes are coding for the IP3R and their gene products (IP3R1, IP3R2, IP3R3) assemble in functional homo- or heterotetram

• Nuclear export mediated by CRM is initiated by an

  2020-12-25

  

  Nuclear export mediated by CRM1 is initiated by an interaction between RanGTP and the HEAT9 loop of CRM1, triggering a conformational change in the NES binding site that permits NES–cargo protein binding (Dong et al., 2009, Fung and Chook, 2014). Our docking simulation results predicted that DP2392-

• The corticotropin releasing factor CRF also

  2020-12-25

  

  The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) also referred to as corticotropin-releasing hormone, is a key mediator of mammalian endocrine, behavioral, autonomic, and immune responses to stress (Vale et al., 1981, Owens and Nemeroff, 1991, Bale and Vale, 2004). Within the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal

• Stressful life events are modulators of mood and can trigger

  2020-12-24

  

  Stressful life events are modulators of mood and can trigger a variety of destructive behavior, including drug abuse and relapse in addicts (Association, 2013; Chen et al., 2012; Sinha, 2009). Likewise, drug-associated stimuli evoke a negative affective state in abstinent drug users. Compelling evid

• In summary our data demonstrated a biological function of cp

  2020-12-24

  

  In summary, our data demonstrated a biological function of cpt1a gene from large yellow croaker. In particular, we indicated the effects of fasting on free carnitine status, CPT1 kinetics, and cpt1a mRNA expression in liver of large yellow croaker. During short-term fasting, the fish liver may have

• Leukotrienes themselves are implicated in the

  2020-12-24

  

  Leukotrienes themselves are implicated in the development of gastrointestinal ulcers, asthmas, and different inflammatory processes [18], [19]. It is noteworthy that COX isozymes and LOX share the same substrate arachidonic acid; therefore, inhibition of prostaglandins production by cyclooxygenase p

• In summary we show that PE

  2020-12-24

  

  In summary, we show that PE significantly ameliorate HCD-induced atherosclerosis in apoE−/− mice. Dietary fiber may influence the intestinal microbiota and thus the circulating levels of SCFAs. SCFAs, such as butyrate, inhibit cholesterol uptake and promote cholesterol excretion from enterocytes. Ou

• In this paper we focused on Ewing sarcoma ES a

  2020-12-24

  

  In this paper, we focused on Ewing sarcoma (ES), a rapidly growing, highly malignant bone tumor developing metastases in the vast majority of patients unless multiagent chemotherapy is applied [16]. ES is the second most frequent bone tumor in childhood and adolescence, and is characterized by the p

• Neutrophils produce high amounts of ROS

  2020-12-24

  

  Neutrophils produce high amounts of ROS, which act as antimicrobial agents, signaling molecules or initiators during PMA-induced NET formation. Of the intravenous anesthetics used in this study, propofol was the best at decreasing PMA-induced ROS levels (Fig. 3A and B). Our previous study also demon

• ezh2 inhibitor br Physiological roles for EPAC isoforms

  2020-12-24

  

  Physiological roles for EPAC isoforms: vascular function The effects of cAMP on limiting vascular endothelial cell (VEC) inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation have been well documented 36, 37, 38. However, recent work has demonstrated that several key effects of cAMP i

• Key molecules in the EP

  2020-12-24

  

  Key molecules in the EP1 second messenger signaling cascade that are necessary for potentiation of GluK2/GluK5 were identified. We also identified three GluK5 serines located in a membrane-proximal C-terminal domain that, when mutated to the phosphomimetic aspartate and expressed with GluK2, rendere

• Mammalian cells contain significant amounts of

  2020-12-24

  

  Mammalian cells contain significant amounts of a relatively lesser known enzyme that shows marked specifity for ether lipids containing AA and other 20–22 carbon fatty acids. This enzyme is called CoA-independent transacylase (CoA-IT), and transfers polyunsaturated moieties of 20–22 carbons, typical

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