• Knock out mice of FXR showed enhancing cholesterol metabolis

  2021-09-02

  

  Knock-out mice of FXR showed enhancing cholesterol metabolism in vivo and reducing serum levels of total cholesterol. Additionally, the results of FXR-deficiency mice revealed potential effects on the improvement of obesity and diabetes.19, 20 As a natural FXR ligand, guggulsterone possesses antagon

• br Introduction Hepatocyte injury initiates and facilitates

  2021-09-02

  

  Introduction Hepatocyte injury initiates and facilitates inflammation in the course of liver disease progression. Thus, understanding the regulatory basis for sensing and responding to damage-associated inflammatory processes in the liver’s parenchymal cells is a primary issue in liver pathophysi

• topotecan synthesis The effects of FFAR and FFAR activation

  2021-09-02

  

  The effects of FFAR1 and FFAR2 activation in different tissues have been reported in several species (Hara et al., 2014). Herein, we report the first evidence for differential expression of FFAR1 and FFAR2 during the peripartal period in the liver of dairy cows that differ in liver metabolism, based

• br Role of FPRs in regulating the inflammatory response Anne

  2021-09-02

  

  Role of FPRs in regulating the inflammatory response Annexin I is a glucocorticoid-regulated protein possessing both pro- and anti-inflammatory activity that might be mediated, in part, by FPR activation [35]. Expressed in a variety of cell types, annexin I is particularly abundant in neutrophils

• Some malignant human tumors cells also express FPRs and resp

  2021-09-02

  

  Some malignant human tumors acpt also express FPRs and respond to bacterial or endogenous agonists by increased motility and growth. For instance, FPRs expressed by human gastric cancer cells, mediate epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to apoptosis [30].

• EZH can also interact with Ten Eleven Translocation

  2021-09-02

  

  EZH2 can also interact with Ten-Eleven Translocation gene family members (TET1, TET2, and TET3), which convert 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), to cause changes in patterns of histone methylation and DNA methylation [52]. Huang et al. found that the expression levels of all

• Our previous studies indicate that EBI is

  2021-09-02

  

  Our previous studies indicate that EBI2 is involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory responses and inter-cellular communication under pathophysiological conditions such as LPS challenge (Rutkowska et al., 2016b). The data showed that media taken from LPS stimulated astrocytes induces macrophage

• 91 5 AMPHs facilitate dopamine release which further trigger

  2021-09-02

  

  AMPHs facilitate dopamine release, which further triggers dopamine depletion [72]. Indeed, we observed that repeated treatment of MPA significantly inhibited TH-, DAT-, and VMAT-2 levels. Since DAT and VMAT-2 are important for dopaminergic terminal markers [10], their decreases suggest that MPA-indu

• DNA hypomethylation has been found in liver tumor

  2021-09-01

  

  DNA hypomethylation has been found in liver tumor and other tumors of humans, such as laryngeal cancer, depends on tumors, tongue squamous cell carcinoma and uterine leiomyomas [[20], [21], [22], [23], [24]]. Then, we mainly sought to confirm whether TCA could induce DNA hypomethylation in vitro an

• The aniline R group was extensively explored

  2021-09-01

  

  The aniline R2 group was extensively explored and a large variety of substitution was tolerated at several positions on the aryl ring (). Notably, substitution at the 3-position often gave increased potency. Increasing lipophilic bulk at this position gave increasing potency within an ether series (

• With a favorable spectrum of CRTh dependent in vitro and

  2021-09-01

  

  With a favorable spectrum of CRTh2 dependent in vitro and in vivo efficacy demonstrated, the off-target activity of compound 18 was investigated, first against a panel of prostanoid receptors and related eicosanoid targets (Table 8), where no significant activities at 10μM concentration were found i

• Placental insufficiency is regarded as the

  2021-09-01

  

  Placental insufficiency is regarded as the main etiology for FGR. Placental development is highly unique in eutherians and is regulated by numerous factors. For example, the novel retrotransposon-derived gene retrotransposon-like 1 (RTL1) was recently shown to play a key role in placental developmen

• Chk and Chk are functionally redundant protein

  2021-09-01

  

  Chk1 and Chk2 are functionally redundant protein kinases that respond to checkpoint signals emanating from the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase family members ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (Ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad-3 related). A concerted research effort has revealed many mechanistic

• During the past decades HT had been widely prescribed

  2021-09-01

  

  During the past decades HT had been widely prescribed with the expectation of both osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease prevention. The results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial, however, indicated that long-term HT use is associated with a small but significant increase of cardiovascu

• Finally it is possible that also species

  2021-09-01

  

  Finally, it is possible that also species differences (rat primary preadipocytes vs mouse 3T3-L1 cells) could contribute to these discrepancies. A recent study suggested that 3T3-L1 BADGE may contain adipocyte precursors with multiple cell lineage characteristics which may contribute to different bi

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