• The presence of different LO splice variants was first

  2023-10-07

  

  The presence of different 5-LO splice variants was first demonstrated in human fatty acid amide hydrolase tumour cells and in dimethyl sulfoxide-differentiated HL-60 cells [40] and a correlation between the 5-LO splicing pattern and the malignancy of the brain tumours was found. Later, other splice

• br The cytochrome P enzyme

  2023-10-07

  

  The cytochrome P450 enzyme 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450) is involved in the production of the C containing androgen precursors from the C containing steroids such as the pregnanes and progestins (). Steroids such as androstenedione (AD) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are therefore synthesi

• Phospholipases cleave membrane phospholipids from

  2023-10-07

  

  Phospholipases cleave membrane phospholipids from inflammatory cells, activated platelets, erythrocytes, adipocytes and cancer wnt signaling pathway (Aoki et al., 2008, Neidlinger et al., 2006). Several reports have analysed the role of LPA and its receptors in the pathogenesis of RA. Zhao et al.

• Our current knowledge on autophagy broadly

  2023-10-07

  

  Our current knowledge on autophagy broadly differentiates it into three types: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy mainly involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic contents in a double-walled membrane followed by the fusion with the lysosomes. The lysosom

• br Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as a cell

  2023-10-07

  

  Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as a cellular process capable of increasing the fitness of Amsacrine synthesis and overcome resistance to several forms of stress [9], [10]. As discussed above, it has been proposed by several authors that an effective strategy for enhancing sensit

• Another important question concerns the mechanism

  2023-10-07

  

  Another important question concerns the mechanism by which a polyubiquitinated substrate is released from the Cdc48 complex and passed on to downstream components, such as the proteasome. There are at least three proposed models. In the first, a ubiquitinated substrate is transferred by ubiquitin-bi

• br Conclusions In the current study

  2023-10-07

  

  Conclusions In the current study, we found that the exposure of maduramicin to chicken myocardial MC 1568 results in cellular damage and even death via the induction of apoptosis. Maduramicin upregulated the expression of apoptotic genes and activated caspase cascades, which were accompanied by

• Despite their different effects on cell survival the

  2023-10-07

  

  Despite their different effects on cell survival, the functions of autophagy and apoptosis are not completely independent. Additionally, Cho et al. (2009) suggested that the mediation of caspase-3 links the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways. Consequently, to illuminate the correlation, exc

• br Materials and methods br

  2023-10-07

  

  Materials and methods Results A first series of experiments explored whether the Ampkα1 isoform is involved in the regulation of cardiac Pkcζ. To this end, HL-1 cardiomyocytes were transfected with a construct encoding constitutively active Prkaa1T183D (CAα1) or with the empty vector as contro

• br Duality of interest br Contribution statement br Acknowle

  2023-10-07

  

  Duality of interest Contribution statement Acknowledgments Introduction Rapid, cell surface-initiated steroid actions have been reported for all major groups of steroid hormones and our understanding of membrane-mediated steroid actions has progressed rapidly over the last two decades. M

• Hyperactivity of the hypothalamus pituitary

  2023-10-07

  

  Hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is well described in MDD (Pariante and Lightman, 2008, Marques et al., 2009), is also observed in AD and results in increased glucocorticoid (GC, cortisol in primates) levels in blood and CSF (Davis et al., 1986, Martignoni et al.

• br Perspectives br Acknowledgments This investigation was

  2023-10-07

  

  Perspectives Acknowledgments This investigation was supported by a Research Grant 2010/01385-5 from FAPESP (Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil). P.F.S. was recipient of a CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil) productivity grant. R.F.A. was recipient of

• Although our data show that agrin accelerates the innervatio

  2023-10-03

  

  Although our data show that agrin accelerates the innervation of engineered muscle tissue following implantation, there are still several issues that need to be considered. First, the use of primary muscle stem or progenitor RG7388 (satellite cells) instead of an immortalized muscle cell line (C2C12

• Tacrine an aminoacridine derivative Fig A

  2023-10-03

  

  Tacrine, an aminoacridine derivative (Fig. 1, A), was the first AChE inhibitor approved for treatment of AD [12], [13]. This compound was withdrawn from the market due to its hepatotoxicity [14]. In spite of tacrine's side effects, it is still an attractive lead compound for medicinal chemists due t

• Thus one possible target for CRPC treatment is

  2023-10-03

  

  Thus one possible target for CRPC treatment is the enzyme 17,20-lyase, which plays a crucial role in androgen biosynthesis. This is because inhibition of 17,20-lyase would be expected to decrease serum androgen levels secreted not only by the testes but also by the adrenal glands.7, 8, 9 In recent

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